10 Things to Know About James Madison

Steroids and Other Performance Enhancers Essay - 1191 Words

The issue over steroids and other performance enhancer drugs has been a recent topic in the sports world. The debate over whether or not to punish those who have been caught using has been a major topic recently, as well as the legalization of these drugs. When arising the question of whether or not to legalize steroids, many positive and negative factors are brought to the table, and in effect could change various aspects of our normal day lives. Anabolic steroids are a class of natural and synthetic hormones that promote cell growth and division, resulting in growth of muscle tissue and sometimes bone size and strength. The best known natural anabolic steroid is testosterone, which is contained in many of the steroids†¦show more content†¦Other non anabolic steroids can be used for many beneficial things and can be found in medicines that are used to treat osteoporosis, weight loss, and in anti-inflammatory painkillers. It can even be found in the most common medicines such as cough syrup (A Guide for Understanding Steroids and Related Substances). Prior to the 1990’s steroids in sports wasn’t a major issue but they have quickly been a hot topic in the world of sports. The most common athletes that are suspected of using anabolic steroids are bodybuilders, track and field athletes, cyclists, and the most common throughout the world today, professional baseball players (Anabolic Steroids-Definition). The most newsworthy player that has been involved in the steroid issue is home-run record holder Barry Bonds. On August 8, 2007 Barry Bonds surpassed the great Hank Aaron when he hit his 756th home run of his career making him the new â€Å"Home-Run King†. However, he was fighting charges off and on for four years, from 2003 to 2007. When being interviewed by The Baltimore Sun on June 1, 2003, he told them â€Å"I don’t know BALCO, dude,† (Barry Bonds Steroid Timeline) where BALCO is an acronym for Bay Area Labo ratory Cooperative, the place accused of supplying steroids to Mr. Bonds as well as many other professionalShow MoreRelatedDrugs Should Be Banned For Professional Sports1211 Words   |  5 Pagesprofessional athletes say that they would take performance enhancing drugs if they didn’t have a chance of getting caught. Performance enhancing drugs, or PEDs, or steroids, have been around since 776 BC when the Greeks would use them to improve their performance in the Olympic Games. During World War II, the Germans, including Hitler, would take steroids to make themselves stronger and more aggressive. The Americans, British, and Japanese also began to use steroids during World War II shortly after GermanyRead MorePerformance Enhancing Drugs For Sports Essay1514 Words   |  7 Pages Performance-Enhancing Drugs in Sports A tremendously large problem in sports is whether or not athletes should be able to use performance enhancing drugs. To most people, it doesn t make any sense for athletes to be using them. They have to know what affect it has on their body not only physically, but also mentally. Around the early 2000’s is when all this starting coming up and it has made a dramatic impact on the sports world. The few people who want performance-enhancing drugs in sportsRead MoreEssay about Steroids in Sports: Right or Wrong?947 Words   |  4 PagesSteroids in Sports, Right or Wrong? â€Å"We have to make some radical move to get the attention of everyone. Cheaters cant win and steroids have put us in the position that its OK to cheat.† (Lou Brock). 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Now athle tes are taking performance enhancers such as creatine, androstenedione and worst of all, anabolic steroids.Steroids are chemicals that act like hormones (substances in your body that regulate bodily functions). Anabolic steroids are the ones that are abused to build muscle mass or to make your workout longer. They are chemicals of artificial testosterone, which is a maleRead MoreThe Negative Effects of Steroid Use754 Words   |  3 PagesSteroids can affect an athlete’s physical health. Developing breasts from steroid use is very common. Breasts develop because when high doses of steroids are used for prolonged periods, they shut down certain hormones such as testosterone. Studies show that estrogen is what causes breast tissue growth; progesterone needs to be available in order to keep breast size down. 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Cause And Effects Of The Dust Bowl History Essay Free Essays

string(47) " Plains received federal exigency alleviation\." Humongous clouds of dust doomed Numberss of people in inkiness. No manner to get away, people were surrounded. Dust was acquiring everyplace: in their oral cavity, eyes, nose doing it difficult to take a breath. We will write a custom essay sample on Cause And Effects Of The Dust Bowl History Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now It had entered houses through any minor clefts. The dust was even in nutrient people ate and it was impossible to acquire rid of. Peoples were in desperation. â€Å" Now the air current grew strong and difficult and it worked at the rain crust in the maize Fieldss. Small by small the sky was darkened by the commixture dust, and carried off. The air current grew stronger. The rain crust broke and the dust lifted up out of the Fieldss and drove grey plumes into the air like sulky fume. The maize threshed the air current and made a dry, hotfooting sound. The finest dust did non settle back to Earth now, but disappeared into the blackening sky. †¦ The people came out of their houses and smelled the hot stinging air and covered their olfactory organs from it. And the kids came out of the houses, but they did non run or shout as they would hold done after a rain. Men stood by their fencings and looked at the destroyed maize, drying fast now, merely a small green demoing through the movie of dust. The work forces were soundless and they did non travel frequently. And the adult females came out of the houses to stand beside their work forces – to experience whether this clip the work forces would interrupt. â€Å" – John Steinbeck, â€Å" The Grapes of Wrath ( 1939 ) † Dust has ruined lives of people, physically and mentally, it had touched the economic system every bit good. Who caused this enormous calamity? People did. Now they had to make what it takes to acquire rid of fatal effects of the dust bowl. The catastrophe was ecological, economical, societal, and cultural. The catastrophe was caused by the combination of environmental and human factors. It lasted 10 old ages. Catastrophe caused people change their agriculture ways, leave their places and suffer. This awful catastrophe lasted ten old ages, and got its name from Associated Press newsman who called it dust bowl on intelligence â€Å" Three small words achingly familiar on the Western husbandman ‘s lingua, regulation life in the dust bowl of the continent – if it rains. † The clime was an of import cause of the dust bowl. The clime of the Great Plain ‘s part is dry and blowy ; air currents reached the velocity of 60mph. Scientists believed that drouth which caused the dust bowl to take topographic point occurred because it happened same clip as La Nina event in the Pacific Ocean. Cold sea surface temperatures reduced the sum of wet come ining the jet watercourse and directed it south to U.S. , were it hit The Great Plains. The lone thing that kept the dirt on topographic point is its flora, which is thick grass that does n’t necessitate much H2O. The land of Great Plains had experienced drouth from 1931 to 1937 which turned out to be much worse so it would because of human intervention. In 1800s railwaies were built throughout the United States. In 1862 authorities promised free land to anyone who moved to the prairie for five old ages. Free land was a good ground for a move, while the railwaies aided the migration. They planted harvest a nd farmed. Between 1909 and 1932 more so 30 million estates of land were plowed. It seemed like a immense net income for the husbandmans to plough so much land, yet they ignored one minute, that the land those old ages lost its chief protection, the grass. All ploughing they did turned important doing the black snowstorms. In 1920s people came up with new, fast, and effectual ways of acquiring harvests, they had new equipment and the work was much more efficient. Most of husbandmans could n’t afford such expensive engineering, so they rented it and worked harder in order to pay for the rent and still acquire some net income. In late 1920s national economic system went into diminution, so this had encouraged husbandmans to work harder. In 1930 husbandmans of Southern Plains planted a batch of wheat, ploughing the land which should non be plowed. The part was n’t set for the European- manner agribusiness ; it was called The Great American Desert. The land was abused. Dro ughts followed and nil would turn, alternatively the plowed land went dry and titanic air currents have blown this land off making tremendous cloud of pitch black dust covering the skies, harming people, doing populating unsafe and highly hard. In 1931 was the record wheat harvest, which sent the wheat monetary values to the lower limit which asked for more attempt of husbandmans who needed to run into the needed equipment and farm payments. In 1931 the air currents begin to blow making â€Å" black snowstorms † . In 1932 the figure of dust storms increases dramatically to fourteen, following twelvemonth rose up to thirty two. Many Europeans migrated to the fields in twentieth century. Most of them migrated for farming. This led to major addition in farming. Not merely people, but equipment was bettering doing farming even more efficient and of greater graduated table. After WWI the monetary values on merchandises dropped dramatically, promoting husbandmans to work harder. Farmers used rough agriculture methods which led to eroding. For illustration cotton husbandmans left land bare in winter when air currents are at their strongest. Some burned the stubble, or signifier of weeding anterior to seting where the organic foods from dirt are deprived doing land vulnerable to eroding. The native grasses which used to keep the dirt were plowed. This left the land unprotected. In 1930s drouth worsened the economic status. Many husbandmans required authorities ‘s aid. Harmonizing to ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.drought.unl.edu/whatis/dustbowl.htm ) 21 % of rural households in the Great Plains received federal exigency alleviation. You read "Cause And Effects Of The Dust Bowl History Essay" in category "Essay examples" Peoples from Southern Plains migrated because life was highly hard at that place. Peoples had nowhere to travel â€Å" And so the dispossessed were drawn west- from Kansas, Oklahoma, Texas, New Mexico ; from Nevada and Arkansas, households, folks, dusted out, tractored out. Car-loads, trains, homeless and hungry ; twenty thousand and 50 1000 and a hundred thousand and two hundred 1000s. They streamed over the mountains, hungry and ungratified – restless as emmets, scampering to happen work to make – to raise, to force, to draw, to pick, to cut – anything, any load to bear, for nutrient. The childs are hungry . We got no topographic point to populate. Like emmets scampering for work, for nutrient, and most of all for land. † – John Steinbeck, The Grapes of Wrath, 1939.These people migrated largely to California and were named Oakies. Even though people were non merely from Oklahoma, they were named Oakies due to largest per centum from Oklahoma. They chose California largely because of its mild clime ; its clime provided long turning season and large harvest diverseness, it was a perfect topographic point for husbandmans. California did n’t welcome the Oakies because they looked for occupations making employment jobs, sudden growing of workers and less occupation infinites. As Oakies migrated to California, cultural battles between them and people from California occurred, because Oakies were ethnocentric, intending that they thought their culture/ethnicity is anterior to all. This created some long permanent effects like bad stereotypes of Oakies in Californian society. As Oakies took farmland the rewards went highly low which was n’t plenty for feeding the households. Many set cant onments at irrigation ditches on farms. These ditch Bankss had hapless healthful conditions and caused some major wellness issues. Farmers were kicked out of occupations because the land was messed up and they could n’t turn harvests, households who owned farms became hapless besides, because their money was based on work of husbandmans who got fired. Landowning households migrated because else they were bankrupt. Some say that roots of this catastrophe went manner back from 1914 when the Turkish Navy blockaded the Dardanelles and cut off Russian wheat distribution to the remainder of the universe. Because of the sudden addition of demand Southern Plain husbandmans plowed the land that they had ne’er plowed earlier. From 1932 the rain has stopped go forthing the land unprotected to ramping air currents, which blew the dry dirt off organizing clouds of dust. As the wheat monetary value fell because of deflation after World War I they plowed even more to run into economi c demands which made the land even more vulnerable. In May another dust storm blew east barricading the Sun in New York. The dust from Southern Plains had even appeared on President Roosevelt ‘s desk! Ref. ( http: //www.humanities-interactive.org/texas/dustbowl/thedustbowl_essay.htm ) Dust reached 500 stat mis out to sea Ref. ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.eyewitnesstohistory.com/snprelief2.htm ) Due to the dust bowl childs saw their parents acquiring broke which affected their, yet unstable psychological science. Childs had to play with anything they fund because parents could n’t afford to purchase any plaything. Bigger childs had to assist their parents do different occupations necessary for endurance. It was truly tough to happen nutrient because everything was in dust, husbandmans did n’t hold clip to turn cowss, because they were contending the rough conditions. Peoples would travel to Parkss were particular countries for cookery. Peoples could construct a hearth and cook some simple nutrients they could happen, afford. Peoples shared with each other to give others a better opportunity for endurance. Dust Bowl gave birth to many first-class American art which included literature picture taking and music. For illustration Classics Dorothea Lange and Arthur Rothstein bring the image of dust bowl in their Hagiographas, every bit good as John Steinbeck in his â€Å" The Grapes of Wrath † , or Woody Guthrie whose laies, such as â€Å" The Great Dust Storm † gives us the feel of what its like to witness this catastrophe. This is highly of import because it shows that even in such a atrocious thing like Dust Bowl people still found some positive effects. It is really hard to look for positive sides of awful things. It might sound unusual but in a manner Dust Bowl developed American civilization to a small extent. Charles L.Todd and Robert Sonkin made an expedition to migrant cantonments in California to detect more about how was it to populate in those rough conditions, to detect effects of dust bowl. Main point of Todd/Sonkin expedition was to document life in ( FSA ) Farm Security Administration cantonment in California. At some points, people could n’t see further than five pess in front of themselves. It has been reported that in the beginning of 1935, the people began to decease because of disease that they called the dust pneumonia. Ref. ( rmpbs.org. ) there were no official decease rates for this period of clip, and that the symptoms of this pneumonia were merely the simple high febrility, thorax hurting, trouble in external respiration, and a cough. The prairie dust was highly all right – smaller than the period at the terminal of this sentence – with high silicon oxide content, which caused a type of silicosis similar to the black lung disease seen in coal mineworkers back east. â€Å" Black at the base and sunburn at the top rose from the Fieldss of eastern Colorado and western Kansas and began to travel south. Inside the cloud darkness was totalaˆÂ ¦ . Peoples in the cloud ‘s way thought the terminal of the universe had comeaˆÂ ¦ † – Ian Fra zier, Great Plains. by December 1935, approximately 850 million dozenss of top dirt has been blown off, approximately 25 % of U.S. population left the U.S.A, and about 2.5 million people moved out of Southern Plains. â€Å" If you would wish to hold your bosom broken, merely come out here † .- Ernie Pyle, newsman. At some point in 1935 the Red Cross has handed out 10000 masks to school which became solidly plunged with soil in about an hr It was n’t until 1941 when Plains eventually started to retrieve. The other version is that in 1920 husbandmans got new equipment like ploughs and Listers, this made their work easier and vaster. They plowed more land so it could bear because now it was much easier, plus they needed to make it because of deflation after WWI. The equipment coasted large money which required more work on the Fieldss to run into the seashores. Farmers used disc ploughs instead so Listers, because the work was done faster this manner, but plows caused much more harm to the land doing it vulnerable to weave eroding, dirt wet, depletion, depleted dirt foods, and drouth. The drouth plan which was started by U.S. authorities has been applied to profit people who had witnessed the atrocious catastrophe. It has included four points. Supplying exigency supplies, hard currency, and farm animal provender and conveyance to keep the basic operation of supports and farms/ spreads. Establishing wellness attention installations and supplies to run into exigency medical demands. Establishing government-based markets for farm goods, higher duties, and loan financess for farm market care and concern rehabilitation. 4 ) Supplying the supplies, engineering, and proficient advice necessary to research, implement, and advance appropriate land direction schemes. Even though the plan helped people, it was non plenty, because the catastrophe still lasted and they had to witness it. Peoples got ill ; fell in depression because thought their hereafter was ruined. Yet, most of them did n’t free their religion and overcame this atrocious event by doing gags like: † birds fly backwards so sand does n’t acquire in their eyes † . Peoples had stamina, wit, and optimism which were the chief traits to maintain them alive and good during this atrocious period. By 1941 most countries antecedently dry had normal rainfall, furthermore, the clime has brought economic roar to the state. In about 1980 people forgot atrocious drouths and stopped paying attending to anti drought plans. They started practising same farming methods that they used to pattern in 1930s which caused some more problem until 1990. Droughts of 1930s and The Great Depression led to relief outgos of 525 billion dollars by the Congress. Now to avoid avoiding farthe r dirt jobs during drouths, which cause such planetary impact on people, Soil Conservation Service is at work in order to maintain away from future catastrophes of such sort. After drought preservation patterns and irrigation increased, farm sizes grew larger, harvest diverseness increased, federal harvest insurance was established, and the regional economic system was diversified. The enormous catastrophe had caused a batch of decease and ruined the peoples ‘ spirit, yet it united people and taught them to remain positive in difficult times, plus it made them look back at their errors and learn at them. Now people learned from this catastrophe to forestall it go oning once more, and they know that any clip something similar happens they would stand at that place together and contend it, like they fought The Dust Bowl. â€Å" United we stand, divided we fall † . Dust Bowl had non merely negative effects which we see right off, but some supreme positive effects when looked at deeper. Everything has a positive side from which people have to larn, even such a atrocious thing as dust bowl. â€Å" The ultimate significance of the dust storms of the 1930s was that America as a whole, non merely the fields, was severely out of balance with its natural environment. Unbounded optimism about the hereafter, careless neglect of nature ‘s bounds and unce rtainnesss, noncritical religion in Providence, devotedness to self-aggrandizement – all these were national every bit good as regional features. â€Å" – Robert Worster, historiographer. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.humanities-interactive.org/texas/dustbowl/thedustbowl_essay.htm hypertext transfer protocol: //www.english.illinois.edu/Maps/depression/dustbowl.htm hypertext transfer protocol: //www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/films/dustbowl/ hypertext transfer protocol: //www.tulsaworld.com/opinion/article.aspx? subjectid=65 A ; articleid=20100418_65_G3_Thedeb869826 hypertext transfer protocol: //www.kctribune.com/article/KC_News_Features/Cleon_Rickel/Memories_of_Dust_Bowl_Still_Vivid_after_75_Years/19360 wikipedia.org factorzoid.com rmpbs.org hypertext transfer protocol: //library.thinkquest.org/TQ0312210/Dustbowl.html hypertext transfer protocol: //library.thinkquest.org/TQ0312210/Dustbowl.html hypertext transfer protocol: //www.eyewitnesstohistory.com/snprelief2.htm hypertext transfer protocol: //eh.net/encyclopedia/article/Cunfer.DustBowl How to cite Cause And Effects Of The Dust Bowl History Essay, Essay examples

Department Annals Of Emergency A Medicine -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Department Annals Of Emergency A Medicine? Answer: Introduction Jim Karas (68) was admitted to hospital after being unresponsive and breathing inability. As the fluid resuscitation was unable to raise the blood pressure of the patient, doctors decided to insert a three lumen central venous catheter into the right subclavian vein of Jim Karas. After spending few weeks in the healthcare facility, Jim wanted to return to his home as he used to live alone with his wife Amara, who had COPD and heart failure. His CVAD was removed prior to his discharge. This assignment is going to provide a detailed care plan, including the aspects of Jim and Amaras care and the local community service available in their locality. Further legal and ethical principles for decision-making and strength-based approach will be discussed critically. financial, the aspect of culturally safe care plan will be discussed. Course of action for discharge As Jim lives in the Campbell town council and was admitted to a healthcare facility in New South Wales, the care transfer ethics for NSW was used to conduct his discharge and transfer protocols (NSW Public Hospitals 2018). The care Coordination process is consisting of five steps namely pre-admission or admission, multidisciplinary team meetings, estimate date of discharge, referrals and liaison and finally transferring to home (NSW Public Hospitals 2018). The following flow chart describes the process. As per the care needed for Jim Karas, The transfer of care plan was provided to the multi-disciplinary team and therefore according to that, transfer of care risk assessment was done. Process of patient transfer Before the estimated date of discharge, the patient care plan and referral form need to be completed so that the discharge process becomes easier. The hospital can provide the patient with a care representative who will explain the level and type of care required by the patient in the transfer of needs. Hospital can also appoint a community care team, including a manager and 2 workers to coordinate the care needed by the patient (Berghout et al. 2015). Further, the allied health services such as occupational therapy, nutrition and dietetics and physiotherapy should be provided to the patient with the help of community health team. A community service organization, Whiddon care will be asked to provide care to Jim and Amara. The Whiddon group provides care to elderly patients in the Campbell town area (The Whiddon Group 2018). This is mandatory for him as well as his wife as wife has complication and he is looking after his wife. After the removal of CVAD, Jim needs complex ongoing ma nagement of infection sites and the information of this should be provided to the community service team before the discharge of patient (Ding et al. 2012). Therefore, for the care of Jim and his wife, ACAT assessment or the aged care assessment team should be arranged, who can decide the level of care and cultural safety required by Jim and his wife. Discharge plan of care The care plan of Jim and his wife should include- The discharge will be planned on the day of admission, upon rejection by the patient and his family, a further discharge date will be provided to them (Brennan et al. 2014). On the day of discharge, the patient will be provided with the medication, diet, treatment, activity and follow up updates. To reduce the tension and responsibility of the patient, as he was the only member in his house to take care of Amara, care plan should include interventions for his wife too (Shepperd et al. 2013). Therefore, a Greek social worker will be appointed for the care of Jim and Amara, so that the social worker can provide culturally safe care to both of them. The type of healthcare workers need to be assisted for such interventions. The Whiddon care center will be contacted for healthcare workers such as culturally safe social worker and cook for the dietary and nutrition related needs of Amara and Jim. The frequency of service will be decided and the signs and symptoms of any critical situation or infection will be written in the plan. Service such as meals on wheels can be appointed for Jim and Amara, as the meals on wheels service helps people like them, who are unable to fulfill their own dietary requirements. Medical equipment such as wheel chair, walker, respiratory equipment, hospital bed home health nurse and home OT/PT (Occupational therapy or physical therapy) will be included after discussion with the lead clinician (Brennan et al. 2014). Legal and ethical principles (on decision making with strength based approach) The legal principles of decision making involve the responsibility of the decision maker to consider the matters before making the decisions, must not make decisions for improper purposes, decisions should be based on evidence and should be reasonable, considerations of government policies, decisions to be made within power, procedural fairness, among others (Acma.gov.au 2018). Strength based nursing or SBN is based on the principles of person centered care, empowerment, collaborative partnerships, health promotion, innate capacities for health and healing. SBN helps to maximize the level of functioning and also helps to promote health of the patient and conditions of healing (Gottlieb, Gottlieb and Shamian 2012). There are four principles of strength based nursing approach such as autonomy, dignity, sharing of information and collaboration and participation. Provision of family centered care is the first pillar of the strength based nursing interventions. Respecting autonomy and pri vacy of the patient is the primary aspect in this care process and according to the principles, while providing care to a patient, the care provider should always discuss the provision of the care with the patient, his family and to the authorized physician. In case of Jim, the care provider that is the Whiddon group should discuss the care plan with Jim, Amara, their daughter Angela and the hospital authority (The Whiddon Group 2018). Involving hospital authority about the care plan progression will help the physicians to understand the recovery rate of Jim, and will further include interventions for faster recovery (Knibbs et al. 2012). Jim is concerned about his privacy and privacy and autonomy was the reason he wanted to shift to his home with Amara. On the other hand, the hospital care team will be discussing his health status to the hospital authority and the general physician observing him and Amara. Therefore a proper conversation between, Jim, Amara, and the physician shoul d be done before his transfer from the hospital. Further, to maintain the patient autonomy, the details of Jim and Amara will not be shared with the community service team provided by the Whiddon group. This will respect the autonomy and decision-making power of Jim and his wife Amara. Empowerment is the second pillar of strength-based nursing intervention. Understanding the emotional and medical need of Jim and letting them provide their knowledge to combat with the situation will let him feel his importance in the care process and he and his wife will be empowered to take necessary steps to improve their own health condition. Further promotion of health and healing can in Jim and Amaras case will be helpful in increasing their mental strength and influencing themselves to strictly follow the nursing interventions and will provide fruitful results in this collaborative partnership (Barry and Edgman-Levitan 2012).. However, apart from these enablers, few barriers such as their cultu ral approach, their dietary habit, delirium of Jim can delay the recovery, as the care support unit will take time to understand these factors about Jim and his family. Apart from the strength-based approach, there are four ethical principles present in nursing, such as autonomy and dignity, beneficence, non-maleficence and justice. In the case of Jim, it was Jim that he used to take care of his wife Amara by his own and did not take help of any care supporter (Boswell and Cannon 2012). Irrespective of the reason, Angela wanted her parents to stay at a residential home as logically, however according to the ethical code of nursing, maintaining patients dignity is the top priority (Butts and Rich 2012). They are specialized in community care and providing collaborative care and support to patients. Therefore, the proactive approach of the healthcare facility help to maintain the autonomy as well as dignity of the patient and his values. (Lindberg et al. 2014). In case of Jim and Amara, these ethical codes of nursing will help the healthcare providers to evoke the courage to fight with their deficiencies and attain health. Respecting their autonomy an d dignity and collaborating with both of them for their health interventions will include them in the recovery process and the dilemma of the healthcare professions will be solved. Culturally safe care plan Cultural safety is the environment that provides the patient with physically, socially, mentally and emotionally safe care (Purnell 2012). Australia is the house of a pool of multicultural society, having different thinking, religions, behavioral and dietary habit and health and safety related norms. Jim Karas is Greek and after discharge, the care provider team, who will provide care in his home, should be aware of the cultural safety measures so that the respect and dignity of the patient can be maintained (Douglas et al. 2014). accounting to Malliarou et al. (2017), people generally assume that Greek culture is about bigger families, and in those families everyone cares about every member. However, despite of that, Jim wanted to stay alone with her wife Amara. Therefore, the community nurse from Whiddon group should be aware of these unusual cultural facts about Jim, as assuming about patients need according to famous cultural stereotypes can hamper the quality of care provided to the patient. Conclusion Discharge care plan including cultural safety measures are decided prior to the patient discharges form the healthcare facility, as several aspect depends ion such document provided at the time of discharge. Jim Karas, after recovering his three CVAD related infection decided to stay at his own place. Accordingly, his discharge care plan including nursing interventions for him and his wife has been prepared. The legal and ethical factors such as autonomy, privacy, dignity was given importance in case of Jim and Amara. Further, a group Whiddon, for providing culturally safe care to the patient was decided and to maintain the autonomy of Jim and Amara, the patients information was not shared with them. 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